PICO-SALAX Patient Information

Colonoscopy and Barium Enema Information, Instructions and Preparation

What is a Colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy is a procedure which usually takes less than 30 minutes. That allows a doctor to examine the lining of your colon (large intestine) for ulcers, inflammation, polyps (small growth, usually benign [non-cancerous]) or cancer. It is often used to investigate symptoms such as abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, weight loss or changes in bowel habits.

A long flexible tube with a video camera is passed through the anus into the rectum and around the colon. The image of the lining of your colon is shown on a TV monitor in the same room so the doctor can look for: causes of bleeding, polyps, any abnormalities or inflammation (for IBD patients). If polyps are found, they are usually removed during this procedure. Very small tissue samples (biopsies) can be taken during the procedure if necessary. You will usually go home the same day.

What is a Barium Enema?

A barium enema, also known as a lower GI (gastrointestinal) exam, is a diagnostic test using an X-ray examination to view the large intestine, (colon and rectum).

There are two types of this test; the single-contrast technique in which barium sulfate solution is injected into the rectum to gain a profile view of the large intestine; and the double-contrast (or air contrast) technique in which air and barium sulfate are injected into the rectum.